
Maharishi |
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| Volume 9, Issue No.
12 |
August 2009 |
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Copyright
© 2001-2009 Maharishi Health Education Center - Lebanon, All Rights Reserved
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Peace in the Middle East:
Scientific
solution to a political problem?
Peace in the Middle East is easily within
our grasp, as indicated by a new scientific
paper published in the "Journal
of Scientific Exploration" on 29 June
2009.
The
study addresses the possibility that a
relatively small group of people practising
the Transcendental Meditation™ and TM-Sidhi
programme®, as founded by Maharishi Mahesh
Yogi, twice daily together in a group can
create peace in the Middle East.
The hypothesis is not new. Fifty studies
have found that when 1% of the population
practises Transcendental Meditation, or
sufficiently large groups practise the TM-Sidhi
programme together twice daily, it can have
a positive influence on society as a whole.
The studies show, for example, decreased
violence, crime, car accidents, and
suicides, and improved quality of life in a
society. Critics had questioned the
credibility of the evidence in light of the
unconventional nature of the proposition.
Reduced conflict and
improved quality of life in the Middle East:
August-September 1983
A composite
sociological index closely tracks the size
of a group practising the Transcendental
Meditation and TM-Sidhi programme. (See
details in text below.)
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The new analysis addresses this question
more thoroughly than previously. It presents
new statistical evidence that all credible
conventional explanations - such as military
and political events, public holidays, and
the weather - could not explain the observed
statistically significant changes in
sociological variables shown in an earlier
study on the influence of groups practising
the TM-Sidhi programme (Orme-Johnson DW,
Alexander CN, Davies JL, Chandler HM, &
Larimore WE. International peace project in
the Middle East: The effect of the Maharishi
Technology of the Unified Field. Journal
of Conflict Resolution 1988 32:776-812,
findings illustrated above). The observed
changes in the Middle East included
reductions in war deaths of 75%, war
intensity of 45%, in crime of 12%, in fires
of 30%, plus there were improvements in
national mood of 27% and the stock market of
7% during the experimental period.
Although conventional factors did have a
measureable influence on the level of
violence and other sociological variables,
the effect of the Transcendental Meditation
group was, according to the researchers,
both independent of these other factors and
approximately two to five times stronger.
Brain research has found that
Transcendental Meditation increases
coherence in brain functioning. Lead author
of the new study David Orme-Johnson, former
Chairman of the Psychology Department at
Maharishi University of Management, suggests
that: "Given the assumption of Maharishi’s
theory that individuals are the units of
collective consciousness, increased
coherence at the individual level could be
expected to have a positive effect on the
population level".
According to a
number of earlier studies, this effect is
magnified when, in addition to
Transcendental Meditation, the more advanced
TM-Sidhi programme, which includes Yogic
Flying, is practised in a group. In this
case, the square root of 1% of a population
practising Yogic Flying in a group is the
threshold at which changes in social trends
begin to be observed. Interestingly, this
effect appears to be irrespective of
national borders and different cultures.
According to the theory, a group of 10,000
generating such an influence of coherence
would be sufficient to noticeably influence
the collective consciousness of the whole
world.
If the science is so watertight, and the
potential benefits so great, the obvious
question, then, is: Why has no one yet
established such a group anywhere in the
world? One reason why policy makers have
been reluctant to do so is that they take
the view that conventional military and
political factors must have more
influence than Transcendental Meditation and
Yogic Flying. However, the new research has
shown that this assumption is quite
incorrect.
A coherence-creating group of 10,000 people
could be established for less than 0.2% of
the world's military expenditure, and yet,
according to the research, could ensure a
stable state of world peace.
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The David Lynch Foundation for
Consciousness-Based Education and World
Peace, founded by the award-winning
filmmaker, joined with Paul McCartney in
April to raise funds to teach Transcendental
Meditation to one million at-risk children.
The benefit concert in New York is said to
have raised £2m on ticket sales and fund
raising continues. The philanthropic
Foundation is already involved in teaching
Transcendental Meditation in schools in the
Middle East with the explicit aim of
creating permanent peace in the region.
Dr. Orme-Johnson
is available for interview: Tel 001
850-231-2866
See his website:
www.truthabouttm.org
Dr. David Leffler is available for
interview and to set up interviews with
other military-related people. See this
website:
http://www.invinciblemilitary.com
Tel 001 845-489-8653.
APPENDICES
A: What academics have said about the
Maharishi Effect
B: Key facts about Transcendental
Meditation
C: TM-Sidhi programme
D: Brief history of the Maharishi Effect
E: Some research references on the
Maharishi Effect, showing changes in
conflict, crime, and other sociological
indicators
F: Peer-reviewed journals that have
published research on the Maharishi Effect
G: Publications that recently run
articles on this topic
H: Military-related academic publications
and presentations
I: Military-related leaders who support
implementation
A: What academics have said about the
Maharishi Effect
"The hypothesis definitely raised some
eyebrows among our reviewers. But the
statistical work is sound. The numbers are
there. When you can statistically control
for as many variables as these studies do,
it makes the results much more convincing.
This evidence indicates that we now have a
new technology to generate peace in the
world."
Raymond Russ, editor of the Journal of
Mind and Behaviour
"I was initially sceptical, but having
studied the research completed to date, I
have concluded that these studies on the
Maharishi Effect have subjected theory to
proper empirical tests. They have shown
sound results which demand serious
interest."
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Ken Pease, Professor of Criminology at
the University of Huddersfield, Chairman of
the Belfast-based Centre for the Independent
Research and Analysis of Crime, and Home
Office adviser.
"In the studies that I have examined on
the impact of the Maharishi Effect on
conflict, I can find no methodological
flaws, and the findings have been consistent
across a large number of replications in
many different geographical and conflictual
situations. As unlikely as the premise may
sound I think we have to take these studies
seriously."
Ted Robert Gurr PhD, Professor of
Government and Politics, University of
Maryland.
"I want to express my support for this
research. What we are really looking at
here, I think, is a new paradigm of viewing
crime and violence; and the new paradigm
says, look to the individual acting in
concert with other individuals to reduce
crime constructively.... Having worked
extensively on social problems in the
District of Columbia for some 24 years at
the University of the District of Columbia
... I'd like to encourage taking this new
idea very seriously ... I would like to
recommend that this new model that is being
offered and advanced here, after a number of
exhaustive and very carefully controlled
studies, be considered, and that we think
about ways that it might be implemented in
the inner city with youth and community
people who live here."
Anne Hughes, PhD, Professor of Sociology
and Government, University of the District
of Columbia.
B: Key facts about Transcendental
Meditation
- Transcendental Meditation is an
effortless technique practised for 20
minutes twice a day sitting comfortably
with the eyes closed.
- Transcendental Meditation is not a
religion or philosophy and does not
involve any belief or change in
lifestyle.
- Over 350 peer-reviewed research
studies on Transcendental Meditation
confirm a range of benefits for mind,
body, and behaviour. For a printable
research review, see
http://www.t-m.org.uk/research.shtml.
- Several studies have compared the
effects of different meditation
practices and found that Transcendental
Meditation provides deeper relaxation
and is more effective at reducing
anxiety, depression, and hypertension
than other forms of meditation and
relaxation. In addition, no other
meditation practice shows the widespread
coherence throughout all areas the brain
that is seen with Transcendental
Meditation.
- More information on Transcendental
Meditation can be obtained by calling
01695 51213 or visiting
www.t-m.org.uk
C: TM-Sidhi programme
- The TM-Sidhi programme is an
advanced aspect of Transcendental
Meditation.
- The TM-Sidhi programme develops
mind-body co-ordination, and strengthens
the ability to fulfil desires.
- The most powerful of the TM-Sidhi
techniques is Yogic Flying
- Scientific research has repeatedly
demonstrated that the TM-Sidhi programme
creates a powerful influence of
positivity in society, especially when
practised in groups.
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D: Brief history of the Maharishi
Effect
1974-1976
First indications that crime decreases when
1% of a city practises Transcendental
Meditation. The phenomenon was called the
Maharishi Effect as Maharishi Mahesh Yogi,
the founder of the Transcendental Meditation
technique, first predicted it in the 1960s.
1981
First study on the Maharishi Effect was
published in the peer-reviewed Journal of
Crime and Justice.
1983
International Peace Project in the Middle
East published in 1988 in the Journal of
Conflict Resolution based at Yale, which
indicated the possibility of peace in the
Middle East.
1983-1985
Three experiments that showed that a group
of 7000 Yogic Flyers could create an
influence of coherence in the whole world.
Aug. 1993
Experiment in Washington, D.C., evaluated by
board of 27 independent scientists. 4,000
Yogic Flyers reduce violent crime by 23%.
Aug. 2006
Re-launch of projects to create permanent
groups of Yogic Flyers in every nation
beginning in Holland and USA.
Sept. 2008
Permanent group of Yogic Flyers in Iowa, USA
exceeds national “Super-Radiance” threshold
of the square root of 1% of the population.
E: Selected research articles on the
Maharishi Effect, showing changes in
conflict, crime and other sociological
indicators.
P. Gelderloos, M.J. Frid, P. Goddard, X.
Xue, and S.A. Loliger, "Creating World Peace
through the Collective Practice of the
Maharishi Technology of the Unified Field:
Improved U.S.-Soviet Relations,"Social
Science Perspectives Journal 2(4)
(1988), 80-94.
D.W. Orme-Johnson, C.N. Alexander, J.L.
Davies, H.M. Chandler, and W.E. Larimore,
“International Peace Project in the Middle
East: The Effects of the Maharishi
Technology of the Unified Field,” Journal
of Conflict Resolution 32(4) (1988),
776-812.
D.W. Orme-Johnson, C.N. Alexander, and
J.L. Davies, "The Effects of the Maharishi
Technology of the Unified Field: Reply to a
Methodological Critique," Journal of
Conflict Resolution 34 (1990), 756-768.
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D.W. Orme-Johnson, M.C. Dillbeck, C.N.
Alexander, H.M. Chandler, and R.W.
Cranson, "Effects of Large Assemblies of
Participants in the Transcendental
Meditation and TM-Sidhi Program on Reducing
International Conflict and Terrorism,"
Journal of Offender Rehabilitation
36(1-4) (2003), 283-302. J.L. Davies and C.N. Alexander,
“Alleviating Political Violence: Impact
Assessment Analyses of the Lebanon War:
Impact Assessment Analysis of the Lebanon
War,” Journal of Social Behaviour and
Personality 17(1) (2005), 285-338.
M.C. Dillbeck, G. Landrith, D. Orme-Johnson.
"Transcendental Meditation Program and Crime
Rate Change in a Sample of Forty-Eight
Cities," Journal of Crime and Justice
4 (1981), 25-45.
M.C. Dillbeck, C.B. Banus, C. Polanzi,
and G.S. Landrith III, "Test of a Field
Model of Consciousness and Social Change:
The Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi
Program and Decreased Urban Crime," The
Journal of Mind and Behavior 9(4)
(1988), 457-486.
M.C. Dillbeck, "Test of a Field Theory of
Consciousness and Social Change: Time Series
Analysis of Participation in the TM-Sidhi
Program and Reduction of Violent Death in
the U.S.," Social Indicators Research22
(1990), 399-418.
P.D. Assimakis and M.C. Dillbeck, "Time
Series Analysis of Improved Quality of Life
in Canada: Social Change, Collective
Consciousness, and the TM-Sidhi Program,"Psychological
Reports 76 (1995), 1171-1193.
G.D. Hatchard, A.J. Deans, K.L.
Cavanaugh, and D.W. Orme-Johnson, “The
Maharishi Effect: A Model for Social
Improvement. Time Series Analysis of a Phase
Transition to Reduced Crime in Merseyside
Metropolitan Area," Psychology, Crime,
and Law 2(3) (1996), 165-174.
M.C. Dillbeck, K.L. Cavanaugh, T. Glenn,
D.W. Orme-Johnson, and V. Mittlefehldt,
“Consciousness as a Field: The
Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi
Program and Changes in Social Indicators,”
The Journal of Mind and Behaviour
8(1) (1987), 67-104.
D.W. Orme-Johnson and P. Gelderloos, "The
Long-Term Effects of the Maharishi
Technology of the Unified Field on the
Quality of Life in the United States (1960
to 1983)," Social Science Perspectives
Journal 2(4) (1988), 127-146.
J.S. Hagelin, M.V. Rainforth, D.W. Orme-Johnson,
K.L. Cavanaugh, C.N. Alexander, S.F. Shatkin,
et al. "Effects of group practice of the
Transcendental Meditation program on
preventing violent crime in Washington, DC:
Results of the National Demonstration
Project, June-July, 1993." Social
Indicators Research 47(2) (1999),
153-201.
Brown, C.L. "Overcoming Barriers to Use
of Promising Research among Elite Middle
East Policy Groups," Journal of Social
Behaviour and Personality 17(1) (2003),
489-546.
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F: Peer-reviewed journals that have
published research on the Maharishi Effect Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly
Journal of Scientific Exploration
International Journal of Neuroscience
Journal of Conflict Resolution
Journal of Crime and Justice
Journal of Mind and Behaviour
Journal of Offender Rehabilitation
Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality
Psychological Reports
Psychology, Crime, and Law
Social Indicators Research
Social Science Perspectives Journal
Society of Neuroscience
G: Publications that recently run
articles on this topic
Pajhwok Afghan News,
USA Today "Topics",
The Huffington Post,
The Seoul Times 1,
The Seoul Times 2,
Aljazeera Magazine,
PakTribune,
Alarabiya,
Congo Forum,
Sri Lanka Guardian 1,
Sri Lanka Guardian 2,
Nepal Monitor,
Pakistan Daily,
The Bottom Line,
Arab News,
Pakistan Link,
The Colombo Times,
Middle East Online,
Hi Pakistan,
India Features,
Soldier of Africa,
Frontier India Strategic & Defense,
Sentinel Review,
Congo Watch,
Beirut-Online,
India Defence Consultants,
The Pakistani Spectator,
Senegambia News,
Media For Freedom,
Broadcast India,
Fiji Daily Post,
News From Bangladesh,
Muslim,
Webnewswire,
Intent,
United News Network,
News Wing,
Frontier India World Affairs,
Muslim World Today,
Sinhala,
Defence Talk,
MEPeace,
Southern Asian Outlook,
Northern News Lines,
Sudan Watch,
Blitz,
New Age Islam,
Haalkhabar,
The Earth Times,
Rantburg,
Newstrack India,
Uganda Watch,
The Morung Express,
Chowk and
Islam And Muslims.
H: Military-related academic
publications and presentations
Dr. David R. Leffler, (18 March 2009)
Terrorism Trends, 54. Militant Islam
Continues To Spread and Gain Power.
International Exposure Includes a Growing
Risk of Terrorist Attack - Expert Comments -
Leffler [about Invincible Defense
Technology]. In "55 Trends for Cyberwar."
Presented by Dr. Marvin J. Cetron,
President, Forecasting International at
Future of Information Warfare and
Information Operations, Sponsored by JIOPO,
CIA, DIA, and NSA U.S. Army War College,
Carlisle, PA, Dr. Leffler's comments appear
on pages 136-138 and page 141.
Dr. Michael Larrass, Major General
Kulwant Singh (Indian Army, Retired) and Dr.
David Leffler (18 May 2009). "Bomb of
Silence" - Invincible Defence Technology for
Sri Lanka, The
Colombo Times and
Sri Lanka Guardian. This paper was
originally accepted for publication by the
Defence Review Committee for the Sri
Lankan Ministry of Defence. Unfortunately,
it was never published there and the
publication is now defunct.M
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Dr. David Leffler, (2008) presentation
on the topic of Invincible Defense
Technology at the Marcus Evans Defense
sponsored "5th
Annual Countering IEDs - Assessing the IED
Threat and its Evolution on the Battlefield
and in the Homeland" conference in
Washington, DC. This three-day conference
attended by scientists and leaders with the
military, FBI, and police included his
presentation entitled: "Invincible Defense
Technology (IDT) as a Means to Prevent the
Implementation of IEDs". See also the
Invincible Defense Technology News article
entitled
"Dr. Leffler Presents at Military and Law
Enforcement Conference." Dr. David R. Leffler, (in press).
A New Role for the Military: Preventing
Enemies from Arising-Reviving an Ancient
Approach to Peace. Paper is accepted for
publication in the
Journal of Management & Social Science (JMSS),
Institute of Business & Technology BIZTEK
in Pakistan. The abstract appears in Session
6, p. 44 of the proceeding of the "International
Sociological Association Research Committee
01 Seoul National University & Korea
Military Academy International Conference on
Armed Forces & Conflict Resolution in a
Globalized World." July 14 - 17, 2008,
Seoul, Korea. Also presented at KIDA, the
Korea Institute of Defense Analyses.
"55
Trends Now Shaping the Future of Terrorism,"
is a 254 page (PDF document) US
government-sponsored report aimed at
governmental and military leaders includes
sections by Dr. David Leffler on Invincible
Defense Technology, including an appendix
entitled: "An Overlooked, Proven Solution to
Terrorism." Edited by Dr. Marvin J. Cetron
and Owen Davies, published by the Proteus
Management Group at the US Army War College,
Carlisle, PA. Note:
Excerpts about Invincible Defense Technology
from the anti-terrorism report are available
at:
http://www.DavidLeffler.com/terrorism-trends.html
Dr. David R. Leffler, (2008,
November).
News from RC101 members. Letter about
Invincible Defense Technology by Dr. David
Leffler, Executive Director at the Center
for Advanced Military Science (CAMS) at the
Institute of Science, Technology and Public
Policy to retired Italian General Giuseppe
Cafrio, the President of the Research
Committee on Armed Forces and Conflict
Resolution RC01 for the International
Sociological Association. Dr. Cafrio
published the letter in the Armed Forces and
Conflict Resolution November 2008
Newsletter.
Col. Brian M. Rees & Dr. David R.
Leffler, (Abstract). Stress reduction using
the TM program: Solution to problems arising
from combat stress. In the proceeding of the
"
Col. Brian M. Rees (Abstract). The
Application of Strategic Stress Management
in Winning the Peace. In the proceeding of
the "
Col. Brian M. Rees (2007). US Army War
College masters program degree research
paper "The Application of Strategic Stress
Management in Winning the Peace. Available
at:
Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.
(AMSUS) convention on 12 November 2007.
Rees, B (2006): The application of
Strategic Stress Management in winning the
peace. Academic Workshop sponsored by: The
Proteus Management Group, USA. Hosted by the
Center for Strategic Leadership United
States Army War College 22-24 August 2006.
Link:
http://www.carlisle.army.mil/proteus/docs/Proteus-Workshop-2006-Report.pdf
Dr. David R. Leffler & Lee M. Leffler
(2000).
Preventing war and terrorism. Security
And Political Risk Analysis (SAPRA)
Bulletin, Available at:
http://www.subcontinent.com/sapra/research/military/img_1999_12_001.html
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Dr. David R. Leffler, Dr. Kurt
Kleinschnitz, & Dr. Kenneth G. Walton (1999,
May 1).
An alternative to military violence and
fear-based deterrence: Twenty years of
research on the Maharishi Effect.
Security And Political Risk Analysis (SAPRA),
(Available at: http://www.subcontinent.com/sapra/research/military/m_1999_05_01.html
Dr. David R. Leffler (1997).
A Vedic approach to military defense:
Reducing collective stress through the field
effects of consciousness. (Doctoral
Dissertation, The Union Institute,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1997). Dissertation
Abstracts International, 58(08), 3298A.
Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/doctoraldissertation.html
Lieutenant Colonel (Ret'd.) Gunter
Chassé (1995)
White Paper On the New Security and Defence
Policy of the Federal Republic of Germany
and on the Future of the Bundeswehr --
English translation of the groundbreaking
White Paper on why Germany should implement
Invincible Defence Technology.
David R. Leffler (1992 Spring).
A new military science in Moscow.
Insight, 3(1), pp. 14-15.
I: Military-related leaders who
support implementation
Colonel (Dr.) Brian M. Rees,
former Battalion Surgeon for the 310th
Military Police Battalion at Camp Bucca,
Iraq, builds a case for America to utilize
Invincible Defense Technology to end
terrorism. "There is research in the field
of conflict resolution [Invincible Defense
Technology] that shows great promise. But it
requires that we think way outside the box.
Hold on to your hats and I will introduce
you to an approach that has held up under
rigorous evaluation. Col. Rees completed his
US Army War College research paper entitled
on the topic of the Invincible Defense
Technology, "The
Application of Strategic Stress Management
in Winning the Peace." See his recent
coauthored editorial on the topic of
Invincible Defense Technology in
The Huffington Post.
Project: Coherence - Lieutenant
General José Villamil, the former
Vice-Minister of Defense of Ecuador, used
Invincible Defense Technology to quickly end
Ecuador's war with Peru. He thinks the
United States could prevent more wars and
terrorist attacks. Article published by
India Defence Consultants, a defense think
tank.
Operation: World Peace - Article in
Defence India by Major General Guru
Israni (editor of Combat Journal). He
argues that the attacks of September 11th
could have been prevented with this
technology.
Invincible Nepal: An Ancient Vedic
Technology for Modern Security Challenges of
Nepal - Article in Shreenath Journal, a
military magazine in Nepal by Lt. Col.
Jitendra Jung Karki. "Nepal's
perspective in vedic studies is completely
different than other countries and nepal has
the capability for not only to explore the
vedic concept of defence but also to lead
the world with total concept of peace and
security with its vedic population and vedic
security forces."
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Major General Kulwant Singh In
his press conference on the morning of
9/11/01 he said "I think with all of this
[terrorism] today, America needs a new
approach to protection."
Invincible Defense Technology Proposed As
Homeland Defense* - Article published in
U.S. Medicine.
Major Werner Klokow, an officer
in the military of
South Africa and the editor of Soldier
of South Africa writes: "I find Quantum
Physics fascinating and support a more
holistic and/or unconventional approach to
safeguarding South Africa. Foremost here is
the practice of Invincible Defense
Technology based on the Maharishi Effect.
This proven technique has as its main
obstacle in ignorance, which I hope to
dispel to some degree."
Dr. David R. Leffler served in the
U.S. Air Force for eight years and later
received his Ph.D. in Consciousness-Based
Military Defense. He is a special columnist
for The Seoul Times and serves on the Board
of Editors for the Journal of Management &
Social Sciences at the Institute of Business
& Technology BIZTEK in Pakistan. David
served as an Associate of the Proteus
Management Group at the Center for Strategic
Leadership, US Army War College and is
currently the Executive Director at the
Center for Advanced Military Science (CAMS).
Dr. Leffler gave an IDT briefing about
preventing IEDs to military and law
enforcement personnel in Washington, D.C. at
The Fifth Annual Countering IEDs: Assessing
the IED Threat and its Evolution on the
Battlefield and in the Homeland on 18
November, 2008.
Lieutenant Colonel Gunter Chassé
(Ret.) served 39 years in the German Air
Force, mainly in the Integrated NATO-Air
Defence. "[Invincible Defense] Technology is
not just an idea. It is a practical method
and is available immediately. It only needs
to be applied. It has been shown to work
many times, and its effect has been
scientifically verified." Chassé was
instrumental in the writing of the
alternative
White Paper on the New Security and Defence
Policy of the Federal Republic of Germany
and on the Future of the Bundeswehr.
Recent article on Col. Chassé.
He will give a presentation to NATO and EU
leaders about using Invincible Defense
Technology to prevent the implementation of
IEDs at the "Countering
IEDs Europe" conference in the Berlin,
Germany on 21-22 October 2009. |
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